Prim:
(ca.2000-02) |
Khraox (2004) |
Gloss |
Type |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
ai |
Ai |
eldest
son, np |
capitalise
quasi-np |
still
inconsistent with x-wa-CN (should be Ai:) |
an |
an: |
that |
add
colon |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
awnrhawm: |
awn:
rhawm: |
|
change
spacing, remove/add colons |
|
paox plawg paox nyhawm: |
paoxplawg
paoxnyhawm: |
neighbour |
change
spacing |
|
been li |
beenli |
|
change
spacing |
|
bon: |
bon |
woman,
female |
remove
colon |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
bwanson: |
bwan:
son (and bwanson:) |
grace |
change
spacing, remove/add colons |
bwan:
now consistent, son inconsistent with x-wa-CN (both forms are used in STB
Bble 2004 with equal frequency) |
can ceu |
canceu |
all
things |
change
spacing |
|
canyau: |
ca:
nyhau:, ca nyhau:, and ca nyhau: |
arrogant,
rude |
change
spacing, remove/add colons |
sometimes
consistent with x-wa-CN |
dahrhawm: |
dauh
rhawm: (and dauh rhawm:) |
|
change
final -ah to -auh, change spacing |
x-wa-CN
has variants ndah hrom (dah rhawm:) and ntah hrom (dhah rhawm:), so this is
perhaps an overcorrection? |
Dawit |
Davit |
David |
change
-w- to -v- |
|
eue: |
eue |
|
remove
colon |
|
|
ghrip |
|
|
|
glhaok |
ghlaok |
|
change
glh- to ghl- |
internally
inconsistent-OT 2004 has glhua: and glhaok etc too |
glhat |
ghlat |
threaten |
change
glh- to ghl- |
internally
inconsistent-OT 2004 has glhua: and glhaok etc too |
goeng |
going |
as
in giex going 'free time' |
change
-oeng to -oing |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
grawh grawng: |
grawhgrawng: |
situation,
about |
change
spacing |
|
ha (and ha:) |
ha: |
perhaps |
add
colon |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
heue: |
heue |
final
emphatic particle |
remove
colon |
remains
inconsistent with x-wa-CN (heui) |
in |
in: |
this |
add
colon |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
ka |
kah |
at,
to etc. |
add
-h |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
khawm: uik |
khawm uik |
|
remove
colon |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
kraung khrai: |
kraungkhrai: |
furniture |
change
spacing |
|
ku dah |
kudauh |
everywhere |
change final -ah to -auh,
change spacing |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
ku dee |
kudee |
everywhere |
change
spacing |
|
la: rawm |
la
rawm: |
water
flows |
remove
colon, add colon |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
lah (rom lah) |
lauh
(rawm: lauh) |
sweat |
change
final -ah to -auh |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN (but not at all consistent -- rawm: lah rawm: lee:
remains) |
laux leeing: |
lauxleeing: |
be
destroyed |
change
spacing |
|
leeing: ju |
leeing
ju |
forever,
whole life |
remove
colon |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
mai: |
mai |
and |
remove
colon |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
nghiet (ngiet) |
nghiiet
(nghied) |
listen,
hear |
change
medial -i- to -ii- |
NT
and Psalms shows contrast, but internally inconsistent, both nghiet and
nghiiet occur |
nied |
niied |
hurry
and ..., in a hurry |
change
medial -i- to -ii- |
this
change was made only in OT 2004, not in NT 2004; x-wa-CN has same variation;
Wadict recognises 3 variant syllables for this morpheme: nīad [niied] (<
WHJMCD), nyīad [nyiied] (< WHJMCD), and nīed [nied] (< STB-NT 2000
& 2004) |
niex ding |
nieding |
even
more ? |
change
-iex to -ie, change spacing |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN ? |
nghox ca ? |
nghoxca |
wheat |
|
|
nyiex |
nyiiex |
house |
change
medial -i- to -ii- |
x-wa-CN
has same variation |
pakbaoh (and pakbaox) |
pakbaox |
|
change
final -aoh to -aox |
|
pah |
pauh |
kill |
change
final -ah to -auh |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
phaox ka: (and phaoxka:) |
phao
ka: |
formerly,
once upon a time |
change
-aox to -ao |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
phicaox (οr phi: caox) [phicaig] |
phicaox
[phicaig] |
|
|
|
phimap phigrham: |
phimap
phighram, phimap phigrham: (NT) |
sin |
|
still
doesn't seem to be a clear decision to write ghr- or grh- |
pingnya cuyi |
pingnya
cuyi: |
|
add
colon to cuyi: |
|
poi |
pwie |
feast,
festival, holiday |
change
entire final from -oi to -wie |
does
this reflect a diff. pron.? how does this relate to the old mawie->moi
alternation? Cf. ploi: the spelling of which has not changed |
pui |
pwi |
human,
person |
change
medial -u- to -w- |
anomalous,
cf. kluing:, pruik, puicao (?), puing:, simuing, siuing:, uik |
rah see |
rauh
see |
straight |
change
final -ah to -auh |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN, but only in compound 'rauh see'; all other cases of
rah remain 'rah' (pwi rah pwi see, pa rah pa see, etc.) |
rawm: bee |
rawm:bee |
oil |
change
spacing, with internal colon now |
|
rawmteeh, rawm: teeh ? |
rawm:teeih |
milk |
change
spacing, with internal colon now, change spelling of teeh to teeih |
|
riang |
rieng,
riieng, riang |
image
(rieng), (day)light (riieng), strength (riang) |
divide
1 form into 3 |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
ruat |
rhuat |
sow,
scatter |
change
r- to rh- |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
sang: |
sang |
will,
intend to |
remove
colon |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
si:ang: |
si-ang: |
bone |
hyphenate
to avoid ambiguity (remove colon) |
|
sidah sidu |
sidauh
sidu |
from
start to finish |
change
final -ah to -auh |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
son sang |
sonsang |
in
order to |
change
spacing |
x-wa-CN
has (maybe--rare) sōun sang (=son sang:) |
tom: sidah |
tom:
sidauh |
to
completion, complete |
change
final -ah to -auh |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
tuah |
twah |
taboo |
change
medial -u- to -w- |
|
tuk tiak tuk te: |
tuktiaktukte: |
|
|
|
|
rhiem: |
iron |
|
|
vaid |
vaig |
machete |
change
final from -d to -g |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
vhang: |
fang: |
barnyard
grass |
change
initial vh- to f- |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
vhit |
fit |
stunted |
change
initial vh- to f- |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
vuk vied (= vuk viiet?) |
vukvied |
rowdy,
harass |
change
spacing |
|
vungviien (vung vieng) |
vungfiien: |
twine
around |
change
v- to f- (change medial -i- to -ii-, change final -eng to -en:, change
spacing) |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
|
|
|
|
|
siawp sibrawm |
siawpsibrawm |
authority |
change
spacing |
|
|
sigrheu: |
|
|
|
teeh |
teeih |
milk |
|
|
tinga: |
tix
nga: |
20 |
change
spacing, change ti to tix |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
tingoe: |
tix
ngoe: (and tingoe:) |
30 |
change
spacing, change ti to tix |
now
sometimes consistent with x-wa-CN |
tipon: |
tix
pon: (and tipon:) |
40 |
change
spacing, change ti to tix |
now
sometimes consistent with x-wa-CN |
tiphwan: |
tix
phwan: (and tiphuan:) |
50 |
change
spacing, change ti to tix |
now
sometimes consistent with x-wa-CN |
tigliah |
tix
gliah (and tigliah) |
60 |
change
spacing, change ti to tix |
now
sometimes consistent with x-wa-CN |
atigliah |
atigliah |
70 |
(no
change) |
|
tidaix |
tix
daix |
80 |
change
spacing, change ti to tix |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
tidim: |
tix
dim: |
90 |
change
spacing, change ti to tix |
now
consistent with x-wa-CN |
tix yieh |
tiyieh |
100 |
change
spacing, change tix to ti |
|
vhak |
fak |
hang
up |
change
initial vh- to f- |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
vheuk |
feuk |
hang
up |
change
initial vh- to f- |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
vhua: |
fua: |
wrap |
change
initial vh- to f- |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
vhang: |
fang: |
|
change
initial vh- to f- |
now
inconsistent with x-wa-CN |
|
|
|
|
|